Matter

Science

The smallest particle of an element

Atom

The smallest particle of an element. atom. An atom is the basic building block of all matter, consisting of a nucleus surrounded by electrons.

The temperature at which a liquid boils

Boiling point

The temperature at which a liquid boils. Boiling point. The boiling point is the temperature at which a liquid changes to a gas.

A physical change of matter between solid, liquid, and gas

Change of state

a physical change of matter between solid, liquid, and gas. change of state. A change of state is when matter switches between solid, liquid, and gas forms, like ice melting to water.

A property that is not visible until a substance undergoes a chemical reaction, like solubility

Chemical property

A property that is not visible until a substance undergoes a chemical reaction, like solubility. Chemical property. A chemical property describes how a substance interacts with other substances, often resulting in a change in composition.

The substance made when atoms from two or more elements combine chemically

Compound

The substance made when atoms from two or more elements combine chemically is called a compound. A compound is a substance formed when different elements bond together.

The process of a gas changing into a liquid

Condensation

The process of a gas changing into a liquid. Condensation. Condensation is when water vapor in the air cools down and turns back into liquid water.

The gradual wearing away of a metal through chemical reactions

Corrosion

The gradual wearing away of a metal through chemical reactions. Corrosion is when metal slowly gets damaged and breaks down because of reactions with things like air or water.

An object’s mass per unit volume

Density

An object's mass per unit volume. Density. It's a measure of how much matter is packed into a given space.

A negatively charged particle outside the nucleus of an atom

Electron

A negatively charged particle outside the nucleus of an atom. Electron. An electron is a tiny particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom and carries a negative charge.

A substance made of one type of atom that cannot be broken down chemically

Element

A substance made of one type of atom that cannot be broken down chemically. Element. An element is a basic substance that makes up everything around us.

The top of liquid changing into a gas

Evaporation

The top of liquid changing into a gas. Evaporation. Evaporation is when a liquid turns into a gas, often due to heat.

The temperature at which a liquid changes to a solid

Freezing point

The temperature at which a liquid changes to a solid. Freezing point. It's the specific temperature where a liquid turns into a solid.

The amount of matter in an object

Mass

The amount of matter in an object. Mass. Mass is a measure of how much matter is in something, and it determines how heavy the object is and how it interacts with gravity.

Anything that has volume and mass

Matter

Anything that has volume and mass. Matter. Matter is anything that takes up space and has weight.

The temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid

Melting point

The temperature at which a solid changes into a liquid. Melting point. It is the specific temperature where a solid turns into a liquid.

An element that is a good conductor of heat and electricity

Metal

An element that is a good conductor of heat and electricity. Metal. Metals are substances that are typically shiny, dense, and can be molded, often allowing electricity and heat to move through them easily.

A combination of substances that keep their individual properties

Mixture

A combination of substances that keep their individual properties. Mixture. In Science, a mixture is when two or more substances are combined but do not chemically change or form new substances.

A group of atoms held together by bonds

Molecule

A group of atoms held together by bonds. Molecule. A molecule is the smallest unit of a chemical compound that retains its chemical properties.

An uncharged particle in the nucleus of an atom

Neutron

An uncharged particle in the nucleus of an atom. Neutron. A neutron is a subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom that has no electrical charge.

The center of an atom

Nucleus atom

The center of an atom. Nucleus. The nucleus is the tiny, dense core of an atom made up of protons and neutrons.

A chart of all the elements, arranged by their physical and chemical properties

Periodic table

A chart of all the elements, arranged by their physical and chemical properties. Periodic table. The periodic table is a grid that organizes all known chemical elements by their properties and atomic number.

A property of a substance we can observe without changing its identity, like color or hardness

Physical property

A property of a substance we can observe without changing its identity, like color or hardness, is called a physical property. A physical property is a characteristic we can see or measure without altering what the substance is made of.

A particle with a positive charge in an atom’s nucleus

Proton

A particle with a positive charge in an atoms nucleus. Proton. A proton is a subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom that carries a positive electric charge.

A mixture of evenly distributed substances

Solution

A mixture of evenly distributed substances. Solution. A solution is a homogeneous mixture where one substance is dissolved into another.

The change of state from a solid directly to a gas

Sublimation

The change of state from a solid directly to a gas. Sublimation. In simple terms, sublimation is when a solid becomes a gas without turning into a liquid first.

The amount of space an object takes up

Volume

The amount of space an object takes up. Volume. Volume is the measure of how much space an object occupies.

Measure of the force of gravity on an object

Weight

Measure of the force of gravity on an object. Weight. Weight is how heavy something is because of gravity pulling on it.