Digestive and Excretory System

Science

Digestive enzyme in saliva that breaks starches down into sugars

Amylase

Digestive enzyme in saliva that breaks starches down into sugars. Amylase. Amylase is an enzyme that helps break down carbohydrates into simple sugars in our mouths, aiding in digestion.

A fluid produced by the liver that breaks down fat particles

Bile

A fluid produced by the liver that breaks down fat particles. Bile is a substance created by the liver that helps digest fats.

A unit of heat used to measure the energy content of food, a calorie is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1°C

Calorie

A unit of heat used to measure the energy content of food, a calorie is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1C. A calorie is a measure of energy.

The semi-liquid mixture of partly-digested food and enzymes in the stomach

Chyme

The semi-liquid mixture of partly-digested food and enzymes in the stomach. Chyme. It is a mushy substance formed in the stomach to help break down food for digestion.

The breakdown of food into small molecules for use by the body

Digestion

The breakdown of food into small molecules for use by the body. Digestion is the process where your body turns food into energy and nutrients it can use.

The process by which nutrients move out of the small intestine and into the blood

Digestive absorption

The process by which nutrients move out of the small intestine and into the blood. Digestive absorption. It is when your body takes in nutrients from food to use for energy and growth.

The muscular tube connecting the mouth to the stomach

Esophagus

The muscular tube connecting the mouth to the stomach. Esophagus. The esophagus is a tube that moves food from your mouth to your stomach.

The process by which waste is removed from the body

Excretion

The process by which waste is removed from the body. excretion. Excretion is the way our bodies get rid of waste to keep us healthy.

The group of organs that remove waste from the body, includes the kidneys and bladder

Excretory system

The group of organs that remove waste from the body includes the kidneys and bladder excretory system. The excretory system helps clean the body by getting rid of waste and extra fluids.

A network of capillaries in a nephron that filters blood

Glomerulus

A network of capillaries in a nephron that filters blood. Glomerulus. The glomerulus is a tiny cluster of blood vessels in the kidneys that helps filter waste from the blood.

The organ that filters water and waste from blood

Kidney

The organ that filters water and waste from blood is the kidney. The kidney is a bean-shaped organ in your body that helps clean your blood and remove waste.

The organ that removes water from undigested food

Large intestine

The organ that removes water from undigested food. Large intestine. The large intestine absorbs water and forms waste into stool for elimination from the body.

The organ that produces bile, it is the body’s largest internal organ

Liver

The organ that produces bile, it is the bodys largest internal organ. Liver. The liver filters toxins from the blood and helps digest food.

A tiny filtering unit in the kidney, it removes waste from the blood to produce urine

Nephron

A tiny filtering unit in the kidney, it removes waste from the blood to produce urine. Nephron. In simple terms, a nephron is the basic functional unit of the kidney that filters blood and forms urine.

An enzyme in gastric juices that breaks down proteins

Pepsin

An enzyme in gastric juices that breaks down proteins. Pepsin. Pepsin is a protein-digesting enzyme in the stomach that helps break down food into smaller molecules.

Wavelike muscular contractions that move food through the digestive tract

Peristalsis

Wavelike muscular contractions that move food through the digestive tract peristalsis. Peristalsis is the process that pushes food through your digestive system.

The long organ where most food digestion occurs, it connects to the stomach

Small intestine

The long organ where most food digestion occurs, it connects to the stomach small intestine. The small intestine is a tube-like organ that absorbs nutrients from digested food.

A muscular baglike organ where food is mixed with digestive juices

Stomach

A muscular baglike organ where food is mixed with digestive juices. Stomach. The stomach is an organ that helps break down food with acids and enzymes.

The tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder

Ureter

The tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder. Ureter. The ureter is a narrow tube that transports urine from the kidney to the bladder.

The tube that carries urine from the bladder, out of the body

Urethra

The tube that carries urine from the bladder, out of the body. urethra. The urethra is a small tube that helps remove urine from the body.

The muscular sac like organ that stores urine

Urinary bladder

The muscular sac-like organ that stores urine urinary bladder. The urinary bladder is an organ that temporarily holds urine before it leaves the body.

A fingerlike projection of the small intestine that increases the surface area for absorption

Villus

A fingerlike projection of the small intestine that increases the surface area for absorption. Villus. A villus is a tiny, hairlike structure in the small intestine that helps absorb nutrients from food.

An organic molecule the body uses for growth and to regulate body functions

Vitamin

An organic molecule the body uses for growth and to regulate body functions. Vitamin. Vitamins are essential nutrients that help your body work properly and stay healthy.