World War 2 1941-1945

History

A unit composed entirely of American soldiers of Japanese ancestry in WWII

442nd Infantry Regiment

A unit composed entirely of American soldiers of Japanese ancestry in WWII. 442nd Infantry Regiment. The 442nd Infantry Regiment was a highly decorated unit in World War II known for its bravery and composed of Japanese-American soldiers.

Developed the theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics

Albert Einstein

Developed the theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics. Albert Einstein. In history, Albert Einstein is a renowned physicist who revolutionized our understanding of space and time.

A major naval battle between the Japanese, the US, and Australia during WWII

Battle of Coral Sea

A major naval battle between the Japanese, the US, and Australia during WWII. Battle of Coral Sea. The Battle of Coral Sea was a crucial WWII conflict where Allied forces stopped a Japanese advance for the first time, marking a turning point in the Pacific War.

A decisive naval battle in the Pacific Theater of WWII, in 1942

Battle of Midway

A decisive naval battle in the Pacific Theater of WWII, in 1942. Battle of Midway. The Battle of Midway was a turning point where the U.S. Navy significantly weakened Japans naval strength.

The last major German offensive campaign on the Western Front during WWII

Battle of the Bulge

The last major German offensive campaign on the Western Front during WWII. Battle of the Bulge. The Battle of the Bulge was a surprise German attack in 1944 aiming to split Allied forces, but ultimately, the Allies prevailed.

Laws initiated when the US signed the Mexican Farm Labor Agreement

Bracero program

Laws initiated when the US signed the Mexican Farm Labor Agreement. Bracero Program. The Bracero Program was a historical agreement between the US and Mexico that allowed millions of Mexican workers to work temporarily in the US from 1942 to 1964.

An admiral of the US Navy and played a major role in WWII

Chester Nimitz

An admiral of the US Navy and played a major role in WWII. Chester Nimitz. He was a leader who planned and commanded naval operations in the Pacific during World War II.

An organization that played a pivotal role in the Civil Rights Movement

Congress of Racial Equality

An organization that played a pivotal role in the Civil Rights Movement. Congress of Racial Equality. It is a group that worked to end racial segregation and promote equal rights for African Americans in the United States.

The largest seaborne invasion in history, on June 6th 1944 in Normandy

D-Day

The largest seaborne invasion in history, on June 6th 1944 in Normandy. D-Day. D-Day was the pivotal World War II operation where Allied forces stormed Nazi-occupied France to begin liberating Europe from German control.

A five-star general who played a prominent role in the Pacific theater during World War II

Douglas MacArthur

A five-star general who played a prominent role in the Pacific theater during World War II. Douglas MacArthur. He was a key military leader responsible for Allied victories in the Pacific.

The 34th president of the United States (1953 - 1961)

Dwight D Eisenhower

The 34th president of the United States 1953 - 1961. Dwight D Eisenhower. He was a World War II hero who later became president, helping the country through the early Cold War years.

A prohibition of racial discrimination in the nation's defense industry

Executive Order 8802

A prohibition of racial discrimination in the nation's defense industry. Executive Order 8802. This was a historical directive issued by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1941 to ban discrimination in defense jobs.

Established the standards of humanitarian treatment in war

Geneva Convention

Established the standards of humanitarian treatment in war. Geneva Convention. It is a set of international treaties that outline the rules for humane treatment during conflicts.

Chief of Staff under president Roosevelt and Secretary of Defense under Truman

George Marshall

Chief of Staff under President Roosevelt and Secretary of Defense under Truman. George Marshall. George Marshall was a key military leader and diplomat who helped shape U.S. and global strategy during and after World War II.

Known for his hard driving personality, commanded the US Army in the Mediterranean, France and Germany in WWII

George S Patton

Known for his hard driving personality, commanded the US Army in the Mediterranean, France and Germany in WWII. George S Patton. George S. Patton was a famous American general who played a key role in leading Allied forces to victory in Europe during World War II.

A law that provided a range of benefits for returning World War II veterans

GI Bill of Rights

A law that provided a range of benefits for returning World War II veterans. GI Bill of Rights. It helped veterans by offering education and housing benefits.

The 33rd president of the United States (1945 - 1953)

Harry S Truman

The 33rd president of the United States 1945 - 1953. Harry S Truman. He is known for making the decision to use atomic bombs in World War II and starting the post-war Marshall Plan.

A Japanese city hit by nuclear bomb which killed at least 70,000 people in 1945

Hiroshima

A Japanese city hit by nuclear bomb which killed at least 70,000 people in 1945. Hiroshima. Hiroshima is a city in Japan that was devastated by the first atomic bombing during World War II.

The imprisonment of the enemy without charges

Internment

The imprisonment of the enemy without charges. Internment. Internment is the confinement of individuals, often during wartime, without formal charges or a trial.

A military strategy of establishing a line of overlapping island bases in the Pacific War, of WWII

Island hopping

A military strategy of establishing a line of overlapping island bases in the Pacific War, of WWII. Island hopping was a tactic used by the Allies to capture strategically important islands and move closer to Japan.

A theoretical physicist credited with being the "father of the atomic bomb"

J Robert Oppenheimer

A theoretical physicist credited with being the "father of the atomic bomb," J Robert Oppenheimer. He led the development of the atomic bomb during World War II as part of the Manhattan Project.

A civil rights activist and leader in the Civil Rights Movement

James Farmer

A civil rights activist and leader in the Civil Rights Movement. James Farmer. He was a prominent figure who organized key protests to challenge racial segregation in America.

An Asian American civil rights organization formed in 1929

Japanese American Citizens League

An Asian American civil rights organization formed in 1929. Japanese American Citizens League. The Japanese American Citizens League is a group that helps protect and promote the rights of Japanese Americans.

Military aviators who initiated suicide attacks for Japan in WWII

Kamikaze

Military aviators who initiated suicide attacks for Japan in WWII. Kamikaze. During WWII, kamikaze were Japanese pilots who carried out suicide missions, crashing planes into enemy targets.

A research and development project that produced the first nuclear weapons

Manhattan Project

A research and development project that produced the first nuclear weapons. Manhattan Project. The Manhattan Project was a secret U.S. initiative during World War II to develop the atomic bomb.

A Japanese city hit by nuclear bomb on which killed 35,000 people, in 1945

Nagasaki

A Japanese city hit by nuclear bomb on which killed 35,000 people, in 1945. Nagasaki was the second city in Japan where an atomic bomb was dropped during World War II.

A series of military tribunals held after WWII

Nuremberg trials

A series of military tribunals held after WWII. Nuremberg trials. The Nuremberg Trials were a set of court proceedings where Nazi leaders were prosecuted for war crimes after World War II.

Established to control money (price controls) and rents after the outbreak of WWII

Office of Price Administration

Established to control money price controls and rents after the outbreak of WWII. Office of Price Administration. The Office of Price Administration was a government agency created during World War II to regulate prices and prevent inflation in the U.S. economy.

Informed US citizens about the war through radio, newspapers and films, in WWII

Office of War Information

Informed US citizens about the war through radio, newspapers and films, in WWII. Office of War Information. The Office of War Information was a U.S. government agency that spread news and propaganda during World War II.

A senior officer of the US Army during and after World War II

Omar Bradley

A senior officer of the US Army during and after World War II. Omar Bradley. Omar Bradley was a key American general who played a significant role in leading Allied forces during World War II, particularly during the D-Day invasion and the liberation of Europe.

A voice in the Civil Rights and Labor Movement, contributed to banning discrimination in defense industries

Philip Randolph

A voice in the Civil Rights and Labor Movement, contributed to banning discrimination in defense industries. Philip Randolph was a prominent civil rights leader who organized the first predominantly African American labor union and played a key role in ending racial discrimination in government defense jobs.

The controlled distribution of scarce resources, goods and services

Rationing

The controlled distribution of scarce resources, goods and services. Rationing. During World War II, rationing was used to ensure everyone had access to limited supplies like food and fuel.

A military tactic developed by RAF to overwhelm the German aerial defenses

Saturation bombing

A military tactic developed by RAF to overwhelm the German aerial defenses saturation bombing. Saturation bombing is a technique where a large number of bombs are dropped over a wide area to destroy military targets and infrastructure.

Defeating the enemy by destroying its morale, or its economic ability to wage war

Strategic bombing

Defeating the enemy by destroying its morale, or its economic ability to wage war. Strategic bombing. Strategic bombing is a military strategy used in history to weaken an enemy's capacity to fight by targeting its industrial and civilian resources.

After WWII the US and the Soviet Union were capable of casting great influence globally

Superpower

After WWII the US and the Soviet Union were capable of casting great influence globally superpower. A superpower is a country with dominant political, economic, and military strength on a global scale.

A group of African-American pilots who fought in WWII

Tuskegee Airmen

A group of African-American pilots who fought in WWII. Tuskegee Airmen. They were the first African-American military aviators in the U.S. Armed Forces.

A surrender in which no guarantees are given to the surrendering party, used by the Axis powers in WWII

Unconditional surrender

A surrender in which no guarantees are given to the surrendering party, used by the Axis powers in WWII. Unconditional surrender means giving up completely without any promises or terms for the losing side.

An organization responsible for maintaining international peace and security

United Nations

An organization responsible for maintaining international peace and security. United Nations. The United Nations is a global alliance founded in 1945 to promote peace and cooperation among countries.

Established basic concepts of dignity, liberty, and equality, adopted by the UN General Assembly in 1948

Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Established basic concepts of dignity, liberty, and equality, adopted by the UN General Assembly in 1948. Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It is a key document that outlines the rights and freedoms that all people are entitled to.

A day celebrating Nazi Germany's unconditional surrender in 1945

V-E Day

A day celebrating Nazi Germany's unconditional surrender in 1945. V-E Day. V-E Day, or Victory in Europe Day, marks the end of World War II in Europe on May 8, 1945.

Supervised war production during WWII

War Production Board

Supervised war production during WWII. War Production Board. The War Production Board was a U.S. government agency that coordinated the production of military supplies during World War II.

An executive agency to aid civilian victims of the Axis powers

War Refugee Board

An executive agency to aid civilian victims of the Axis powers. War Refugee Board. The War Refugee Board was a U.S. government agency created during World War II to help rescue and provide relief to persecuted people in Nazi-occupied areas.

A meeting of the US, the UK and the Soviet Union to discuss the postwar reorganization of Europe

Yalta Conference

A meeting of the US, the UK and the Soviet Union to discuss the postwar reorganization of Europe. Yalta Conference. The Yalta Conference was a 1945 meeting between Allied leaders to plan the restructuring of Europe after World War II.