Energy and the Ocean

Science

A physical system that does not allow transfer of matter, but allows transfer of energy

Closed system

A physical system that does not allow transfer of matter, but allows transfer of energy. Closed system. In science, a closed system exchanges energy but not matter with its surroundings.

The transfer of heat energy between two objects through direct contact

Conduction

The transfer of heat energy between two objects through direct contact. Conduction is when heat moves directly from one object to another when they touch.

The percentage of energy input that a machine converts to work output

Efficiency

The percentage of energy input that a machine converts to work output. Efficiency. In simple terms, efficiency is how well a machine or process turns energy into useful work.

The ability to do work

Energy

The ability to do work. Energy. Energy is what makes things happen or change.

The process of changing energy from one form to another

Energy transformation

The process of changing energy from one form to another. Energy transformation. Energy transformation is when one type of energy changes into a different type, like when a battery converts chemical energy into electrical energy.

A potential to develop and maintain environments hospitable to life

Habitable

A potential to develop and maintain environments hospitable to life. Habitable. Habitable means a place that has the right conditions to support life.

The amount of heat energy needed to increase the temperature of an object exactly 1°C

Heat capacity

The amount of heat energy needed to increase the temperature of an object exactly 1C. heat capacity. Heat capacity is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of an object by one degree Celsius.

A physical system through which neither mass nor energy can pass

Isolated system

A physical system through which neither mass nor energy can pass. Isolated system. An isolated system is like a sealed box that nothing can enter or leave.

States that energy cannot be created or destroyed

Law of Conservation of Energy

States that energy cannot be created or destroyed. Law of Conservation of Energy. Energy can only change from one form to another but the total amount stays the same.

A physical system that allows transfer of matter and energy

Open system

A physical system that allows transfer of matter and energy. Open system. An open system is one where matter and energy can enter and leave freely.

The transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves, it does not require matter

Radiation

The transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves, it does not require matter. Radiation is energy that travels through space as waves or particles.

When object absorbs energy then emits it

Reradiate

When an object absorbs energy then emits it, reradiate. Reradiate is when an object sends out energy it has absorbed, often in the form of heat or light.

A natural law where heat transfers from lower temperature body to higher temperature body

Second Law of Thermodynamics

A natural law where heat transfers from lower temperature body to higher temperature body. Second Law of Thermodynamics. The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that energy naturally spreads out and becomes more disordered over time.

A process that transfers the heat, energy or substance from the Earth system

Sink

A process that transfers the heat, energy, or substance from the Earth system. A sink is a system that absorbs or stores energy or materials.

How hot or cold something is, it is determined by the kinetic energy of its particles

Temperature

How hot or cold something is, it is determined by the kinetic energy of its particles. temperature. Temperature is a measure of how fast particles are moving in a substance.

The energy of the moving particles in an object

Thermal energy

The energy of the moving particles in an object is called thermal energy. Thermal energy is the heat generated by the movement of tiny particles within an object.

The way the heat moves from one physical system to another

Thermal energy transfer

The way the heat moves from one physical system to another. Thermal energy transfer. It's the process where heat flows from a warmer object to a cooler one until they reach the same temperature.

A point where there is no net flow of thermal energy between two connected physical systems

Thermal equilibrium

A point where there is no net flow of thermal energy between two connected physical systems. Thermal equilibrium. It means two objects at the same temperature, so no heat flows between them.